A review on Chalcones and its importance
Abstract
Chalcones are precursor compounds for flavonoids biosynthesis in plants, and they can also be synthesized in laboratory. Chalcones possess a broad spectrum of biological activities including antioxidative, antibacterial, antihelmintic, amoebicidal, antiulcer, antiviral, insecticidal, antiprotozoal, anticancer, cytotoxic and immunosuppressive. Changes in their structure have offered a high degree of diversity that has proven useful for the development of new medicinal agents having improved potency and lesser toxicity and good pharmacological actions. Chalcones became an object of continued interest in both academia and industry. Nowadays, several chalcones are used for treatment of viral disorders, cardiovascular diseases, parasitic infections, pain, gastritis, and stomach cancer, as well as like food additives and cosmetic formulation ingredients. However, much of the pharmacological potential of chalcones is still not utilized. The purpose of this review is to describe the recent efforts of scientists in pharmacological screening of synthetic chalcones, studying importance of chalcones, and synthesis of pharmacologically active chalcones and their biological activities
References
2. Awasthi SK, MishraN, KumarB, SharmaM, BhattacharyaA, MishraLC, BhasinVK, Potent antimalarial activity of newly synthesized substituted chalcone analogs in vitro. Medicinal Chemistry Research. 2009, 18:407-420.
3.ChengMS, ShiliR, KenyonG. A solid phase synthesis of chalcones by Claisen-Schmidt condensations. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2000, 11: 851-854.
4. LimSS, KimHS, LeeDU. In-vitro antimalarial activity of flavonoids and chalcones. Bulletin of theKorean Chemical Society, 2007, 28:2495-2497.
5.Straub, T. S. Tetrahedron Lett 1995, 36, 663.
6.Sandler, S., Karo, W. In Organic Functional Group Preparations. 1972, 3, 372.
7.Bergman, E. D., Ginsibm, L., Pappo, R. Org. React. 1959, 10, 179.
8.E. C. Taylor and R. W. Morrison, J. Org. Chem., 1967, 32, 2379 .
9. E. P. Kohler and H. M. Chandwell, Org. Synth. Coll., 1922, 2, 1,
10.Falcao de Fonseca L and BolFac Farm, Univ. Coimbra, Ed. Cient, 28, 49, 1968, C. A., 1970, 72, 121124p.
11.. N. Dhar and J. B. Lal, J. Org. Chem., 1958, 23, 1159.
12. (a) W. Davey and J. R. Gwilt, J. Chem. Soc., 1957, 1008, (b) R. E. Lyle and L. P. Paradis, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1955,77, 6667 (c) M. G. Marathey, J. Uni. Poona, 1952, 1-19 .
13.Ballesteros, J. F., Sanz, M.J., Ubeda, A., Miranda, M. A., Iborra, S., Paya, M., Alcaraz, M. J. Med. Chem. 1995, 38, 2794.
14.Go, M. L., Wu, X., Liu, X.L. Curr. Med. Chem. 2005, 12, 483.
15.Mukerjee, V. K., Prased, A. K., Raj, A. G., Brakhe, M. E., Olsen, C. E., Jain, S. C., Parmer, V. P. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 2001, 9,337.
16.Liu, U. M., Wilairat, P., Croft, S. L., Tan, A. L., Go, M. Bioorg. Med .Chem. 2003, 11, 2729.
17.Sivakumar, P. M., GeethaBabu, S. K., Mukesh, DChem. Pharm. Bull. 2007 55, 44.
18.Viana, G. S., Bandeira, M. A., Mantos, F. J. Phytomedicine. 2003, 10, 189.
19.Tiwari, N., Dwivedi, B., Nizamuddin, K. F., Nakanshi, Y., Lee, K. H. Bioorg .Med. Chem. 2000, 10, 699.
20.Ducki, S., Forrest, R., Hadfield, J. A., Kendall, A., Lawrence, N. J., Mc'Gown, A.T., Rennison, D. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 1998, 8, 1051.
21. A. B. Linke and D. E. Eveleigh, Z. Naturorsch, 1975, 30B, 740
22.D. . A. Akhmedzade, V. D. Yasnopol'skii and Y. I. Golovanova, AzerbKhimZh. 117, 1968, Chem. Abstr., 1968, 69, 107333n
23. International Minerals and Chemical Corpn.; British Patent 1, 189, 573, 1970, Chem. Abstr., 73, 45798q
24.E. Schraufstater and S. Deutch, Chem. Abstr., 1950, 44, 3563
25. Xia Y, Yang ZY, Xia P, Bastow KF, Nakanishi Y, Lee KH: Antitumor agents. Part 202: novel 2'-amino chalcones: design, synthesis and biological evaluation. Bioorg Med ChemLett, 2000, 10:699-701.
26.LeBlanc R, Dickson J, Brown T, Stewart M, Pati HN, VanDerveer D, Arman H, Harris J, Pennington W, Holt HL Jr, Lee M: Synthesis and cytotoxicity of epoxide and pyrazole analogs of the combretastatins. Bioorg Med Chem, 2005, 13:6025-6034.
27.Wegener JW, Nawrath H: Cardiac effects of isoliquiritigenin. Eur J Pharmacol, 1997, 326:37-44.
28.Rojas J, Paya M, Dominguez JN, Luisa FM: The synthesis and effect of fluorinated chalcone derivatives on nitric oxide production. Bioorg Med ChemLett, 2002, 12:1951-1954.
29. Nakamura C, Kawasaki N, Miyataka H, Jayachandran E, Kim IH, Kirk KL, Taguchi T, Takeuchi Y, Hori H, Satoh T: Synthesis and biological activities of fluorinated chalcone derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem, 2002, 10:699-706.
30.S. Ishida, A. Matsuda and A. Kawamura, Chemotherapy, 1960, 8, 146.
31.G. Devaux, A. Nuhrich and V. Dargelos, Fr. Demande 2, 357, 247 1978; Chem. Abstr., 89, 193384e.
32. H. Hismat, H. I. El-Diwani and F. R. Melek, Indian J. Chem., 1996, 35 (B), 30.
33. D. Salvie, F. Richard and A. John, Bio Org. Med. Chem. Lett., 1998, 9, 8.
34. E. Bombardeli and P. Valenti, Chem. Abstr., 2001, 134, 222628k
35.M. Uenaka, K. Kawata, M. Nagai and T. Endoh, Chem. Abstr., 2001, 134, 29421.
36.R. Seele, Eur. Patent 337198 1989; Chem. Abstr., 1990, 113, 211-828.
37.M. Gschwendt, W. Kittstein, G. Fuerstenberger and F. Mark, Cancer Lett., 25, 177 (1984); Chem. Abstr., 1985 , 102, 216605
38.Prabhakar B, Laxma Reddy K, Lingaiah K: Synthesis, thermal, spectral and magnetic studies of complexes of Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Ru(II), Pd(II) and Pt(II) with 2,3-disubstituted quinazolin-(3H)-4-ones. J ChemSci, 1989, 101:121-132.
