Tilling: Versatile Reverse Genetic Tool

  • Arvind Negi Central University of Punjab
  • Balraj Singh Gill Central University of Punjab
  • Navgeet N Institute of Himalayan Bioresource and Technology
  • Shashi Shekhar Anand Central University of Punjab
Keywords: Tilling, Genetics, TILLING techniques, reverse genetic tool, genomics

Abstract

Recent years have been witnessed for exhaustive genome sequencing, nourishing a cause to track the mutation and its consequences at the phenotypic level. But reliability of these genomic studies is the critical issue which is still unaddressed and not properly understood. Moreover via TILLING techniques (reverse genetic tool), can be valuable in evaluation of these studies to much extent. Usually TILLING account on a specific gene mutation in order to observe the extent of the functionality of that particular gene at morphological level. This review compiles the literature pertaining to the art of tilling in the evaluation of genomic studies and majorly in concern of functional genomics. Moreover this review also covers the example of the most common species so as to build better understanding of the concept behind this technique of reverse genetics and can be fruitfully applied in extracting the ethano-botanical and therapeutic effect of various medicinal plants.

Author Biographies

Arvind Negi, Central University of Punjab

Centre for Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences,
Central University of Punjab,
Bathinda, Punjab, India

Balraj Singh Gill, Central University of Punjab

Centre for Biosciences,
Central University of Punjab,
Bathinda, Punjab, India

Navgeet N, Institute of Himalayan Bioresource and Technology

Institute of Himalayan Bioresource and Technology (CSIR-IHBT),
Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India

Shashi Shekhar Anand, Central University of Punjab

Centre for Biosciences
Central University of Punjab,
Bathinda, Punjab, India

References

1. McManus MT, Sharp PA: Gene silencing in mammals by small interfering RNAs. Nature reviews genetics, 2002, 3 (10): 737-747.
2. McCallum CM, Comai L, Greene EA, Henikoff S: Targeting induced local lesions in genomes (TILLING) for plant functional genomics. Plant Physiology, 2000, 123 (2): 439-442.
3. Till BJ, Reynolds SH, Weil C, Springer N, Burtner C, Young K, Bowers E, Codomo CA, Enns LC, Odden AR: Discovery of induced point mutations in maize genes by TILLING. BMC Plant Biology, 2004, 4 (1): 12.
4. Till BJ, Cooper J, Tai TH, Colowit P, Greene EA, Henikoff S, Comai L: Discovery of chemically induced mutations in rice by TILLING. BMC Plant Biology, 2007, 7 (1): 19.
5. Bhadauria V, Banniza S, Wei Y, Peng Y-L: Reverse genetics for functional genomics of phytopathogenic fungi and oomycetes. Comparative and functional genomics, 2009.
6. Limpens E, Ramos J, Franken C, Raz V, Compaan B, Franssen H, Bisseling T, Geurts R: RNA interference in Agrobacterium rhizogenes?transformed roots of Arabidopsis and Medicago truncatula. Journal of Experimental Botany, 2004, 55 (399): 983-992.
7. Slade AJ, Knauf VC: TILLING moves beyond functional genomics into crop improvement. Transgenic research, 2005, 14 (2): 109-115.
8. Till BJ, Reynolds SH, Greene EA, Codomo CA, Enns LC, Johnson JE, Burtner C, Odden AR, Young K, Taylor NE: Large-scale discovery of induced point mutations with high-throughput TILLING. Genome research, 2003, 13 (3): 524-530.
9. Cooper J, Till B, Laport R, Darlow M, Kleffner J, Jamai A, El-Mellouki T, Liu S, Ritchie R, Nielsen N: TILLING to detect induced mutations in soybean. BMC Plant Biology, 2008, 8 (1): 9.
10. Slade AJ, Fuerstenberg SI, Loeffler D, Steine MN, Facciotti D: A reverse genetic, nontransgenic approach to wheat crop improvement by TILLING. Nature biotechnology, 2004, 23 (1): 75-81.
11. Uauy C, Paraiso F, Colasuonno P, Tran R, Tsai H, Berardi S, Comai L, Dubcovsky J: A modified TILLING approach to detect induced mutations in tetraploid and hexaploid wheat. BMC Plant Biology, 2009, 9 (1): 115.
12. Emmanuel E, Levy AA: Tomato mutants as tools for functional genomics. Current opinion in plant biology, 2002, 5 (2): 112-117.
13. Piron F, Nicolaï M, Minoïa S, Piednoir E, Moretti A, Salgues A, Zamir D, Caranta C, Bendahmane A: An induced mutation in tomato eIF4E leads to immunity to two potyviruses. PloS one, 2010, 5 (6): e11313.
14. Dahmani-Mardas F, Troadec C, Boualem A, Leveˆque S, Alsadon AA, Aldoss AA, Dogimont C, Bendahmane A: Engineering melon plants with improved fruit shelf life using the TILLING approach. PloS one, 2010, 5 (12): e15776.
15. Stephenson P, Baker D, Girin T, Perez A, Amoah S, King GJ, Østergaard L: A rich TILLING resource for studying gene function in Brassica rapa. BMC Plant Biology, 2010, 10 (1): 62.
16. Till BJ, Colbert T, Codomo C, Enns L, Johnson J, Reynolds SH, Henikoff JG, Greene EA, Steine MN, Comai L, High-throughput TILLING for Arabidopsis. In Book Springer: 2006;p^pp 127-135.
17. Gilchrist EJ, O'Neil NJ, Rose AM, Zetka MC, Haughn GW: TILLING is an effective reverse genetics technique for Caenorhabditis elegans. BMC genomics, 2006, 7 (1): 262.
Published
2014-01-01
How to Cite
[1]
Negi, A., Gill, B., N, N. and Anand, S. 2014. Tilling: Versatile Reverse Genetic Tool. PharmaTutor. 2, 1 (Jan. 2014), 26-32.
Section
Articles